Renewable energy is energy from natural resources that are infinite or are renewed faster than they are used. This includes sources such as solar energy, wind power, hydropower, geothermal energy and biomass.

Renewable energy is important since it reduces the dependence on fossil fuels, such as oil, coal and natural gas. It helps to reduce GHG emissions and air pollution, combats climate change and ensures a sustainable energy supply for future generations.

The most common types of renewable energy include solar energy (from the sun), wind power (from wind), hydropower (from flowing water), geothermal energy (from the earth’s internal heat) and biomass energy (from organic material).

Solar energy is converted into electricity using solar panels. These panels absorb sunlight and generate electric current through a process called photovoltaic effect.

Energy storage refers to technologies that allow energy to be stored for later use. There are many different kinds of storage: a reservoir that stores water for hydropower generation is one example.

Nowadays, energy storage often refers to battery energy systems (BESS) that store electricity. BESS systems can help balance the fluctuations inherent to intermittent power sources by, for example, storing excess electricity from a wind power park when it is windy, and releasing it when winds calm down.

Renewable energy can create jobs in the industry for installation, operation and maintenance of facilities. Moreover, long-term savings can be achieved through reduced fuel costs and the economic benefits of avoiding environmental damage.

Microgrids are small, independent electricity grids that can operate independently or be linked together with a larger grid. Smart grids are advanced electricity systems that use technology to monitor, control and optimize energy flows and distribution.

You can install solar panels on your roof, use energy-efficient devices, reduce your energy consumption by switching off lights and electronics when they are not in use, and support political initiatives that promote renewable energy.

The prospects for renewable energy are positive, with expectations of increased deployment as more parts of society are electrified, from heating to transportation. With continuous technological advances, it can be possible to replace non-renewable sources at a global level.